1-Ethylimidazolium chloride, CAS 81505-35-3

Key Applications:

Hydrogen‑bonding and solvation behavior

• The imidazolium N–H group functions as a hydrogen‑bond donor, while chloride is a strong hydrogen‑bond acceptor.
• The resulting directional hydrogen‑bond network enhances solvation of polar, protic, and hydrogen‑bonding solutes.
• High polarity and strong association support catalytic and extraction systems requiring robust solute–solvent interactions.

Catalysis and acid‑base chemistry

• Effective medium for Brønsted‑acid catalysis due to proton‑transfer capability and chloride stabilization of intermediates.
• Supports nucleophilic substitution, dehydration, esterification, and biomass‑related transformations where chloride activates substrates or stabilizes transition states.
• Hydrogen‑bonding environment can accelerate reactions involving polar or charged intermediates.

Biomass processing and dissolution

• Strong hydrogen‑bonding capacity disrupts cellulose and lignocellulosic hydrogen‑bond networks.
• Enables swelling, partial dissolution, or pretreatment of biomass to improve downstream enzymatic or chemical conversion.
• Chloride‑based ionic liquids are among the most effective for reducing cellulose crystallinity.

Extraction and separation

• Suitable for extracting metal ions, polar organics, and hydrogen‑bonding solutes through chloride coordination or hydrogen bonding.
• Applicable in aqueous biphasic systems where hydrogen bonding governs phase behavior and selectivity.
• Useful for separating alcohols, amines, and other protic compounds.

Electrochemical and materials applications

• High‑polarity electrolyte component for systems requiring strong ion–solvent interactions.
• Hydrogen bonding influences ion mobility and conductivity, relevant for protic ionic liquid electrolytes, electrodeposition baths, and polymer electrolyte formulations.
• Can act as a structure‑directing medium in materials synthesis.

Solvent for spectroscopy and mechanistic studies

• Directional hydrogen‑bond network makes it a model system for studying solvation dynamics, proton transfer, and ion pairing.
• Stabilizes reactive intermediates or charged species in NMR, IR, and kinetic studies.

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