1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate, CAS: 412009-61-1

Key Applications:

Catalysis and Acid‑Driven Transformations

• Functions as a Brønsted acidic ionic liquid, enabling esterification, transesterification, alkylation, and dehydration reactions.
• Strong hydrogen‑bonding capacity stabilizes transition states and enhances reaction rates in both neat and aqueous media.
• Serves as a recyclable, low‑volatility alternative to mineral acids in homogeneous catalysis.

Biomass Processing and Fractionation

• Effective for cellulose swelling, partial dissolution, and hydrolysis, supported by its hydrogen‑bonding interactions with polysaccharide networks.
• Facilitates lignocellulosic pretreatment in aqueous or mixed aqueous–ionic liquid systems, reducing viscosity and improving mass transfer.
• Supports acid‑catalyzed conversion of biomass‑derived intermediates (e.g., furans, levulinates).

Electrochemical and Energy Applications

• Used as a proton‑conducting medium in electrochemical devices due to its intrinsic acidity and hydrogen‑bond network.
• Enhances ionic conductivity in aqueous electrolyte blends, improving stability and widening the operational temperature window.
• Suitable for electrodeposition and corrosion‑inhibition studies where acidic ionic environments are required.

Separation Science and Extraction

• Applied in liquid–liquid extraction of metal ions, dyes, and organics, with hydrogen bonding enabling selective solvation.
• Performs well in aqueous biphasic systems, where tunable acidity and hydrophilicity support phase formation and targeted partitioning.
• Useful in desulfurization and purification workflows where proton activity aids contaminant removal.

Materials Processing and Synthesis

• Acts as a structure‑directing agent in the synthesis of inorganic and hybrid materials, leveraging its ionic and hydrogen‑bonding interactions.
• Supports polymer modification, protonation reactions, and acid‑assisted crosslinking in aqueous formulations.
• Provides a controlled acidic environment for nanoparticle synthesis and surface functionalization.

Green Chemistry and Process Engineering

• Replaces volatile acids in aqueous reaction systems, reducing corrosivity and improving operational safety.
• Demonstrates high thermal and chemical stability, enabling use in continuous‑flow or high‑temperature aqueous processes.
• Readily recyclable due to low vapor pressure and strong ionic cohesion.

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