1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride, CAS: 61755-34-8

Key Applications:

1. Solvent and Co‑solvent in Catalysis

• Enhances solubility of polar substrates and metal catalysts.
• Hydroxyl group improves coordination with transition‑metal centers, supporting homogeneous catalysis.
• Used in acid‑catalyzed esterifications, dehydration reactions, and biomass‑derived platform molecule upgrading.

2. Biomass Processing and Carbohydrate Chemistry

• Effective for dissolving cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin fragments due to strong hydrogen‑bonding capability.
• Supports pretreatment of lignocellulosic feedstocks for biofuel and biochemical production.
• Facilitates selective hydrolysis and derivatization of polysaccharides.

3. Electrolytes for Electrochemical Systems

• High ionic conductivity and strong hydrophilicity make it suitable for aqueous and mixed‑solvent electrolytes.
• Applied in supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors, and electrodeposition baths.
• Chloride anion supports metal‑ion complexation in electrodeposition of Cu, Ni, and Co.

4. Extraction and Separation Processes

• Used in aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) for protein, enzyme, and metal‑ion partitioning.
• Hydroxyl functionality improves phase behavior and selectivity in ABS formulations.
• Supports separation of rare‑earth ions and transition metals in hydrometallurgical workflows.

5. Stabilization of Enzymes and Biocatalysis

• Enhances enzyme solubility and stability in nontraditional media.
• Applied in lipase‑catalyzed esterifications, oxidations, and kinetic resolutions.
• Hydroxyl group reduces denaturing effects compared to more hydrophobic imidazolium salts.

6. Polymer Synthesis and Processing

• Acts as a reaction medium for ring‑opening polymerization and controlled radical polymerization.
• Useful as a plasticizer or ionic additive in hydrophilic polymer matrices (e.g., PVA, PEG).
• Supports fabrication of ion‑conducting polymer films and hydrogels.

7. Corrosion Inhibition

• Adsorbs strongly onto steel and copper surfaces through imidazolium ring and hydroxyl group.
• Demonstrates inhibition performance in acidic chloride environments.
• Used in pickling, pipeline protection, and industrial water systems.

8. CO₂ Capture and Gas Absorption

• Hydroxyl group enhances chemisorption and physisorption interactions with CO₂.
• Applied in aqueous IL blends for post‑combustion capture and gas‑scrubbing research.

9. Nanomaterials and Surface Modification

• Serves as a templating or stabilizing agent for nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Fe₃O₄).
• Supports controlled growth of nanostructures due to hydrogen‑bonding and ionic interactions.
• Used in surface functionalization of silica, graphene oxide, and metal oxides.

10. Organic Synthesis Medium

• Promotes SN1/SN2 reactions, cyclizations, and nucleophilic substitutions.
• Hydroxyl functionality modulates polarity and reduces volatility, enabling greener reaction conditions.

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